Hydrocarbon-burner



J. W. F. MACDONALD.

HYDROCARBON BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 24. I918.

L39567 Patented 001:. 25, 1921.,

4 SHEETS-SHEET I.

J. w. F. MACDONALD.

Patented Oct. 25, LQZL 4 SHEETS SHEET 2.

' [ma/m J. W. F. MACDONALD.

HYDROCARBON BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT-24.1918.

1,394,56? Patented Oct, 25, 1921.,

4 SHEETSS HEET 3.

v Q i J. W. F. MACDONALD.

HYDROCARBON BURNER.

APPLlCATiON FILED SEPT.24,1918.

1,394,5QK Patented Oct. 25, 1921.

4 SHEETSSHEET 4.

ran cries.

JOHN W. F. MACDONALD, OF BRIGHTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO THE MERRILL PROCESS COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF MASSACHUSETTS.

HYDROCABBON-BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 25, 19212.

Application filed September 24, 1918. Serial No. 255,537.

Burners, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part thereof.

This invention has reference to improvements in burners of the nature in which the fuel may comprise a mixture of oil and air or other mixtures of several components.

One object of the invention is to provide a burner adapted to utilize fuel composed of oil and air or other gas and pressure fluid that the components of said fuel supplied to such burner can be controlled simultaneously through a single control adapted to be manually or automatically actuated.

Another object of the invention is to improve the construction of the burner.

Other objects of the invention will appear from the following description.

The invention consists in the novel construction of the burner and in the means for controlling the supply of the several fuel components.

The invention also consists in such other novel-features of construction and combination of parts as shall hereinafter be more fully described and pointed out in the claims.

Figure 1, represents a side elevation of the improved burner and its controlling means, parts of the same being inclosed.

ig. 2, represents a plan view of thesame.

Fig. 3, represents a longitudinal section taken on line 3-3 Fig. 1.

Fig. 4, represents a longitudinal view taken on line 44 Fig. 1.

Fig, 5, represents a vertical sectiona view taken on line 5-5 Fig. 1.

Fig. 6, represents a cross sectional view taken on line 6-6 Fig. 4.

Fig. 7, represents a cross sectional view taken on line 77 Fig. 5.

Fig. 8, represents a detail plan view of the controlling eccentrics and handle.

Fig. 9, represents a sectional view taken on line 9-9 Fig. 8,

Fig. 10, represents an end elevation of the controlling handle and eccentrics.

Similar characters of reference designate corresponding parts throughout.

As shown in the drawings 11 represents the base member of a frame having the upstanding side members 12, 12 furnished at their upper portions with the outwardly extending lips 13, 13 and having bearings de- 'fined by the bosses 14, 14. At its end said base member has the upstanding member 15 having a perforation through which extends the stufling box stem 16 of the burner body 17, said stem 16 having an exterior screw thread to receive the screw thread of the compression cap 18.

Burner body 17 has the longitudinally extending chamber 19 communicating at one end by an axially disposed bore with said stuiiing box stem 16 at the other'end having the outlet passage 20 the souter wall of which is screw threaded to receive the rear end of the tubular oil nozzle 21 having the conical valve seat 22 terminating in the orifice 23. The outer wall of said oil nozzle has the tapering end 24.- and is furnished with the outstanding spiral web 25 which provides the spiral channel 26 around said oil nozzle. Oil or other fuel is supplied to chamber 19 through pipe 27 which may be any usual oil pipe secured in a bore or passage in the wall of the burner body 17.

Embracing the main length of the oil chamber 19 is the air or pressure chamber 28 which is supplied with pressure medium through the ordinary pipe 29 communicating with said chamber 28. The forward end of said pressure chamber 28 has the exterior annular shoulder 30 and the cylindrical outer wall 31, extending from said shoulder. On said wall 314is slidably received the skirt or slide 32 of the nozzle member 33 which embraces the oil nozzle member 21 and has the cylindrical wall 34 slidably fitting against the spiral web 25 to close the outer portion of channel 26, this wall 34 terminating in the contracted end 35 having the flaring outlet 36.

Slidable in the bore of the stufling box stem 16 is the valve rod 37 having at one end the cam way 38 of frame 39 and extending through oil chamber 19 and oil nozzle frame 11 is the controller cam shaft 43 having the rectangular portion 44 to receive the cam 45 which is positioned to operate in the cam way 38 of frame 39 carried by valve rod 37. On the end portions of said shaft 43 are secured the cams 46, 46 which operate in the frames 42, 42 of the connecting rods 41, 41, This shaft 43 has a sleeve furnished with the radially extending arms or levers 47 and 48, 48 connected by yoke 49 of which the former is known as the hand actuator and the latter as the power actuator as will appear hereinafter.

Mounted on the lips 13, 13 of frame member 11 is a vertical frame comprising the standards 50, 50, which carry the pressure cylinder '51 having the pressure pipe 52 through which a pressure medium from any known system of pipes may enter said cylinder 51 for the purpose of exerting pressure on the piston head 53 which is slidable in said cylinder 51. Piston head 53 has the piston rod 54 which is slidable in the guide sleeve 55 which is adjustably secured in an opening of the frame member 56 carried between said standards 50, 50. At its lower portion the piston rod 54 has the sleeve 57 and this sleeve 57 is pivotally connected withmembers of the yoke 49 of the power actuator levers 48, 48. Resistance to the movement of piston head 53 is afforded by the ex pansion spring 58 located between said piston head and the frame member 56 or other relatively fixed part of the-machine.

When oil or other liquid fuel is supplied to the chamber 19 and air under pressure is supplied to the chamber 28, such air rushes through spiral channel 26 and between walls 24 and 35, assumes a vortical direction or action'in which direction or action such air issues from the flaring outlet 36 and spreads outwardly. The suction generated by said whirling stream of air at the end of orifice 23 of the oil nozzle 21 draws oil from said orifice 23 which oil mixes in an atomized condition with said whirling stream of air effectually distributing the oil throughout such air and providing a mixture particularly desirable as a combustible fuel useful for many purposes. From time to time it is desirable to vary the supply of liquid fuel passing through the orifice 23 of the oil nozzle under the suction of the air passing through the outlet 36 of member 35, and,

stream of air from channel 26 passes.

incidental to such variation in said oil supply, to vary somewhat the Volume and vortical action of the air in the chamber formed between the contracted wall of nozzle member 35 and the tapering end 24 of the nozzle into which chamber or space the spiral Such adjustment is accomplished by the simultaneous movement of valve rod 37 and the nozzle member 33 in opposite directions both caused by the rotative movement of the cam shaft 43 and its cams. The use of cams of the: character described permits a wide adjustment of the valves which control the delivery of fuel and air upon a relatively slight adjustment of the lever 47 so that an accurate and effective regulation of the nozzle is obtained.

The cams 45 and 46 may be so constructed and coerdinated that the adjustments of the needle valve and of the nozzle 33 which are respectively effected by them, will maintain a predetermined correlation between the amount of fuel and air delivered at a predetermined pressure which will produce a substantially complete combustion of fuel notwithstanding the variation in the amount delivered to meet the requirements of conditions under which the burner is being operated.

By adjusting the lengths of the connecting rods 4141 the amount of air supplied at different pressures may be correlated to the amount of fuel delivered while by regulating the effective length of the stem 37 of the needle valve 40 the amount of fuel dethe air supply. Thus the burner may be readily adjusted to produce substantially perfect combustion of any character of fuel with any usual or desirable air pressure.

In the automatic operation of the mechanism it will be seen that a variation of pressure against piston head 53 will permit or effect the motion of said piston head by or against the action of spring 58 and such motion of piston head 53 will be transmitted through rod 54 and its connections to the actuator levers 48, 48 of shaft 43 thereby effecting a partial rotation of said shaft 43 and its cams. Cam 45 will act in the cam way38 of frame 39 to effect the reciprocative movement of valve rod 37 to move valve 40 toward or from the conical valve seat 22 to nozzle chamber varies the distance between its contracted end 35 and the tapering end of oil nozzle 21 and hence varies the area of the chamber into which the spiral stream of air from channel 26 is delivered. At the same time the inner end of outlet 36 of nozzle member 33 cotiperates with the tapering end of oil nozzle 21 to control the mixture passing through the outlet 36 of said nozzle member 33.

The manual operation of shaft 43 to effect the control of the fuel through the operation of the valve rod 37 and nozzle member 33 is effected by the manual swinging of lever 47.

Having thus described my invention I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent: M. 7

1. A burner comprising a fuel nozzle, a valve therefor, an air nozzle lidably mounted upon said fuel nozzle and forming a valve seat for said fuel nozzle, regulating means connected respectively to the fuel nozzle valve and the air nozzle operable to adjust simultaneously said fuel valve and said air nozzle relatively to said fuel nozzle and to maintain a predetermined correlation between the amount of fuel and air delivered throu bout the range of said adjustment, where y substantially perfect combustion of the fuel may be obtained irrespective of the amount of fuel delivered.

2. A burner comprising a fuel nozzle, a valve therefor, an air nozzle slidably mounted upon said fuel nozzle and forming a valve seat for said fuel nozzle, regulating means connected respectively to the fuel nozzle valve and the air nozzle operable to adjust simultaneousl said fuel valve and said air nozzle relatively to said fuel nozzle and to maintain a predetermined correlation between the amount of fuel and air delivered throughout the range of said adjustment, whereby substantially perfect combustion of the fuel may be obtained irrespective of the amount of fuel delivered, and means for independently adjusting the position of the fuel valve relatively tolits seat in the fuel nozzle.

3. A burner comprising a fuel nozzle, a valve therefor, an air nozzle movable on said fuel nozzle and forming a valve seat for said fuel nozzle, regulating means connected respectively to the fuel nozzle valve and the air nozzle operable to adjust simultaneously said fuel valve and said air nozzle relatively to said fuel nozzle and to maintain a predetermined correlation between the amount of fuel and air delivered throughout the.

range of said adjustment, whereby substantially perfect combustion of the fuel may be obtained irrespective of the amount of fuel delivered, and means for independently adjusting the position of the fuel valv relatively to' its seat in the fuel nozzle, andmeans for independently adjusting the position of the air nozzle relatively to the fuel nozzle.

4. A burner comprising a fuel nozzle having an air channel, an air chamber movably mounted to restrict the body of air passing from said channel, means to operate said air chamber, and a Valve for said fuel nozzle connected with said operating means whereby the supply of fuel may be controlled relative to the restriction of said body of am 5. A burner comprising a fuel nozzle having anair channel, an air chamber movably mounted to restrict the body of air passing from aid channel, means to operate said air chamber, and a valve for said fuel nozzle, said air chamber and valve being slidably mounted, and means connected with saidair chamber and valve to effect simultaneous closing and opening movement thereof.

6. A burner comprising a fuel nozzle having an exterior spiral channel, an air chamber movably mounted and having a wall to cooperate with said channel and an outlet cooperating with said nozzle, a valve for said nozzle, and means for adjusting said air chamber and said valve simultaneously. 7. A burner comprising a fuel nozzle having an exterior spiral channel, an air chamber slida bleon the wall of said channel and having an outlet, a valve for said nozzle, and means to adjust said air chamber and said valve simultaneously.

8. A burner comprising a fuel nozzle having an exterior spiral channel, an air chamber slidable on the wall of said channel, and having an enlarged area at the rear of said channel and a converging nozzle concentric with said fuel nozzle presenting a restricted area at the front of said channel and having an outlet co6perating with said nozzle, and means to operate said air chamber to vary the volume and pressure of air adjacent said outlet.. v

9. A burner comprising a fuel chamber embraced by an air chamber, nozzle members respectively carried by said chambers,

one of said nozzle members being movable on the wall of its chamber, a spiral channel located between said nozzle members, means to adjust one of said nozzle members rela--' tively to the other member and a simul- Iganeously operable valve for the other mem- 10. A burner comprising a fuel chamber embraced by an air chamber, nozzle members respectively carried'by said chambers, one of said nozzle'members being movable on thewall of its chamber, a valve for the other of said nozzle members, a cam shaft rotatably mounted and having cams and lever operating means, and operating connections to be actuated by said cams to ef- 7 feet movement of said valve and said mov? able nozzle member.

11. A burner comprising a frame member having a rotary cam shaft, cams on said shaft, an air chamber extending from said frame and having a fuel chamber, a nozzle fixed to said fuel chamber, a valve stem slidable in said fuel chamber and having at one end a valve and at the other end a frame operated by one of said cams, an air nozzle member slidable on said air chamber and operating rods pivotally connected with said air nozzle member and having cam frames operating on cams of said cam shaft.

12. The combination with a frame having a. rotary cam shaft having cams and a radially extending lever, and a pressure operated actuator connected with said lever, of a burner mounted on said frame and comprising a fuel nozzle, a valve therefor adapted to be actuated from one of said cams, an air chamber, an air nozzle slidable on said air chamber and embracing said fuel nozzle, and means for actuating said air nozzle from other of said cams.

13. A burner comprisin a fuel nozzle, a valve therefor, an air nozzle movable on said fuel nozzle and forming a valve seat for said fuel nozzle, regulating means connected respectively to the fuel nozzle valve and the air nozzle operable to adjust simultaneously said fuel valve and said air nozzle relatively to said fuel nozzle and to maintain a predetermined correlation between the amount of fuel and air delivered throughout the range of said adjustment, whereby substantially perfect combustion of the fuel may be obtained irrespective of the amount of fuel delivered, and means for automatically actuating said re ulating mean S JofiN W. F. MACDONALD. 

